![]() ![]() The relationship between the intracellular fluid compartment, interstitial fluid, and plasma can be seen in this figure. Note that this figure only demonstrates the relative sizes of body fluid compartments and does not provide any information regarding how these compartments are related to one another. In adult women, the total fluid volume is approximately 55% of the total body weight. In adult men, the total fluid volume is approximately 60% of the total body weight. All percentages shown in this figure refer to the percentage of the total body fluid volume in an adult human being. Transcellular fluid is found in small amounts in specialized compartments (e.g., cerebrospinal fluid, intraocular fluids, inner ear fluids, pericardial fluid, peritoneal fluid, synovial fluids, etc.). Interstitial fluid is the fluid that directly bathes the cells and tissues in the body. This compartment can be further subdivided into the interstitial fluid (~25% of total body fluid volume), plasma (~7% of total body fluid volume), and transcellular fluid (~1% of total body fluid volume). The extracellular fluid compartment makes up approximately 33% of the total volume of body fluids. This compartment holds approximately 67% of the total volume of body fluids. The intracellular fluid compartment contains the fluid that is present in the cytoplasm of all cells of the body. Therefore, the extracellular fluids are constantly mixing, so that the plasma and interstitial fluids have about the same composition except for proteins, which have a higher concentration in the plasma.As shown in other figures for men and women, body fluids are located in two main compartments: intracellular fluid (ICF) compartment and extracellular fluid (ECF) compartment. These pores are highly permeable to almost all solutes in the extracellular fluid except the proteins. The plasma is the noncellular part of the blood it exchanges substances continuously with the intersti-tial fluid through the pores of the capillary mem-branes. ![]() The two largest com-partments of the extracellular fluid are the interstitialfluid, which makes up more than three fourths of theextracellular fluid, and the plasma, which makes up almost one fourth of the extracellular fluid, or about 3 liters. Extracellular Fluid CompartmentĪll the fluids outside the cells are collectively called the extracellular fluid. Together these fluids account for about 20 per cent of the body weight, or about 14 liters in a normal 70-kilogram adult. For this reason, the intracellular fluid of all the different cells together is considered to be one large fluid compartment. In fact, the composition of cell fluids is remarkably similar even in different animals, ranging from the most primitive microorganisms to humans. The fluid of each cell contains its individual mixture of different constituents, but the concentrations of these substances are similar from one cell to another. Intracellular Fluid CompartmentĪbout 28 of the 42 liters of fluid in the body are inside the 75 trillion cells and are collectively called the intra-cellular fluid. Thus, the intracellular fluid constitutesabout 40 per cent of the total body weight in an “average†person. Therefore, when discussing the “average†body fluid compartments, we should realize that variations exist, depending on age, gender, and percentage of body fat. Because women normally have more body fat than men, they contain slightly less water than men in proportion to their body weight. This is due in part to the fact that aging is usually associated with an increased percentage of the body weight being fat, which decreases the percentage of water in the body. Together these fluids account for about 20 percent of the body weight, or. As a person grows older, the percentage of total body weight that is fluid gradually decreases. All the fluids outside the cells are collectively called the extracellular fluid. This percentage can change, depending on age, gender, and degree of obesity. In the average 70-kilogram adult human, the total body water is about 60 per cent of the body weight, or about 42 liters. All the transcellular fluids together constitute about 1 to 2 liters. There is another small compartment of fluid that is referred to as transcellular fluid. This compartment includes fluid in the synovial, peritoneal, pericardial, and intraocular spaces, as well as the cerebrospinal fluid it is usually considered to be a specialized type of extracellular fluid, although in some cases, its com- position may differ markedly from that of the plasma or interstitial fluid. The extracellular fluid is divided into the interstitial fluid and the blood plasma. The total body fluid is distributed mainly between two compartments: the extracellular fluid and the intracel- lular fluid (Figure 25–1). ![]()
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